Investigation into the delivery and efficacy of a unique Avena Sativa (Oat) Lipid Complex using Raman spectroscopic, immuo-diagnostic led analysis and skin evaluation.
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Presented by: Cara Dewis
OBJECTIVES: Oat lipids are rich in phytoceramides which include the glucosylceramides. In this investigation, we analysed and investigated the delivery of a specific oat lipid complex derived from Avena sativa, comprising ‘skin identical’ ratios of sterol, fatty acids and phytoceramides. This investigation is the first reported preliminary investigation of oat lipids utilising confocal Raman spectroscopy for the identification of oat ceramides from Avena sativa.
METHODS: Oil lipid class compositions were determined by single-dimension double-development high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC). Analysis of the oxidative stability of the oat lipid complex was performed by RapidOxy. Raman spectra of lipids were obtained by confocal Raman spectroscopy Xplora. The increase of ceramide content of human epidermis was measured using confocal Raman spectroscopy and immunostaining using an ex-vivo PerfexTM human abdominoplasty model. Effects of oat lipid complex on skin barrier function gene expression were evaluated using RT‐qPCR technology in reconstructed human epidermis (RHE).
RESULTS: HPTLC and GLC profiling of oat lipid complex, revealed that of the ceramide classes identified, skin identical sphingosine and phytosphingosine bases were also present. A total polar lipid content of 40[CS1] mg/100g of which 4mg/100g classed as ‘ceramides’ comprised ceramides/hydroxyceramides (1.36mg/100g), Gycosyl inositol phosphoryl ceramides (1,32mg/100g), and Glucosylceramides (1.32mg/100g). Raman profiling was well correlated with stratum corneum and viable epidermis profiles. A significant increase in explant neutral lipid content 5 days post application was induced. Polar lipid content was increased by 18% on Day 1 which further increased to 60% on Day 5 post application. Ceramide content of the skin was significantly increased as compared to the control and immunostaining with image analysis revealed an increase in stratum corneum thickness. Oat lipid complex induced slight up‐regulation of the gene expression of HAS3, and was more significant as compared to standard oat oil.
CONCLUSIONS: Oat ceramides can be effectively delivered into the stratum corneum. This preliminary Raman study has given good insight into the possibility of oat lipid complex mimicking the structure and function of the skin’s barrier. Further studies are required to provide evidence of the liquid crystalline changes that occur, and the molecular arrangement in the stratum corneum remains to be investigated.
METHODS: Oil lipid class compositions were determined by single-dimension double-development high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC). Analysis of the oxidative stability of the oat lipid complex was performed by RapidOxy. Raman spectra of lipids were obtained by confocal Raman spectroscopy Xplora. The increase of ceramide content of human epidermis was measured using confocal Raman spectroscopy and immunostaining using an ex-vivo PerfexTM human abdominoplasty model. Effects of oat lipid complex on skin barrier function gene expression were evaluated using RT‐qPCR technology in reconstructed human epidermis (RHE).
RESULTS: HPTLC and GLC profiling of oat lipid complex, revealed that of the ceramide classes identified, skin identical sphingosine and phytosphingosine bases were also present. A total polar lipid content of 40[CS1] mg/100g of which 4mg/100g classed as ‘ceramides’ comprised ceramides/hydroxyceramides (1.36mg/100g), Gycosyl inositol phosphoryl ceramides (1,32mg/100g), and Glucosylceramides (1.32mg/100g). Raman profiling was well correlated with stratum corneum and viable epidermis profiles. A significant increase in explant neutral lipid content 5 days post application was induced. Polar lipid content was increased by 18% on Day 1 which further increased to 60% on Day 5 post application. Ceramide content of the skin was significantly increased as compared to the control and immunostaining with image analysis revealed an increase in stratum corneum thickness. Oat lipid complex induced slight up‐regulation of the gene expression of HAS3, and was more significant as compared to standard oat oil.
CONCLUSIONS: Oat ceramides can be effectively delivered into the stratum corneum. This preliminary Raman study has given good insight into the possibility of oat lipid complex mimicking the structure and function of the skin’s barrier. Further studies are required to provide evidence of the liquid crystalline changes that occur, and the molecular arrangement in the stratum corneum remains to be investigated.